SODIUM PALMITATE

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C16H31O2.Na
Molecular Weight	278.4059
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

[Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O

InChI

InChIKey=GGXKEBACDBNFAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M

InChI=1S/C16H32O2.Na/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18;/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18);/q;+1/p-1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	Na
Molecular Weight	22.98976928
Charge	1
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Molecular Formula	C16H31O2
Molecular Weight	255.4161
Charge	-1
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26393565
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12496284 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14717706 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18511927 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23406428

Palmitic acid is a saturated fatty acid, the principal constituent of refined palm oil, present in the diet and synthesized endogenously. Palmitic acid is able to activate the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR40. Palmitic acid was also a weak ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Palmitic acid is a ligand of lipid chaperones - the fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs). Dietary palm oil and palmitic acid may play a role in the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and cancer.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Potency
Free fatty acid receptor 1 11 Target ID: CHEMBL4422 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12496284	Agonist 2752	5.3 null [pEC50]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 118 Target ID: CHEMBL235 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14717706	Binding Agent 1076	156.0 µM [Kd]
Fatty acid binding protein muscle 4 Target ID: CHEMBL3344 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18511927 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2751678	Binding Agent 1076
Fatty acid binding protein adipocyte 12 Target ID: CHEMBL2083 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18511927 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2751678	Binding Agent 1076
Fatty acid binding protein epidermal 4 Target ID: CHEMBL3674 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18511927 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2751678	Binding Agent 1076

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants 5 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/021746s000lbl.pdf	Preventing		Approved 8583	SURFAXIN Approved Use SURFAXIN is indicated for the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants at high risk for RDS. Launch Date 2012

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Gbeta gamma isoforms selectively rescue plasma membrane localization and palmitoylation of mutant Galphas and Galphaq.	2001-06-29	11294873
Demonstration of direct effects of growth hormone on neonatal cardiomyocytes.	2001-06-22	11303022
Insulin inhibits peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in isolated rat hepatocytes.	2001-06	11356722
Systemic and regional free fatty acid metabolism in type 2 diabetes.	2001-06	11350782
Physiological levels of mammalian uncoupling protein 2 do not uncouple yeast mitochondria.	2001-05-25	11278935
[Branched alkanes and other apolar compounds produced by the cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus from the Negev desert].	2001-05-19	11357397
Differential palmitoylation of two mouse glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 forms with different N-terminal sequences.	2001-05-18	11335060
Biochemical characterization of the reverse activity of rat brain ceramidase. A CoA-independent and fumonisin B1-insensitive ceramide synthase.	2001-05-18	11278489
Identification and quantitation of unique fatty acid oxidation products in human atherosclerotic plaque using high-performance liquid chromatography.	2001-05-15	11355856
Palmitoylation of caveolin-1 in endothelial cells is post-translational but irreversible.	2001-05-11	11278313
Palmitate-induced apoptosis can occur through a ceramide-independent pathway.	2001-05-04	11278654
Thiazolidinediones increase plasma-adipose tissue FFA exchange capacity and enhance insulin-mediated control of systemic FFA availability.	2001-05	11334421
Chronic valproate treatment decreases the in vivo turnover of arachidonic acid in brain phospholipids: a possible common effect of mood stabilizers.	2001-05	11331408
Heparin-induced release of protein-bound solutes during hemodialysis is an in vitro artifact.	2001-05	11325895
Effects of lung surfactant proteins, SP-B and SP-C, and palmitic acid on monolayer stability.	2001-05	11325728
Effects of free fatty acids on beta-cell functions: a possible involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha or pancreatic/duodenal homeobox.	2001-05	11319727
Imaging of monolayers composed of palmitic acid and lung surfactant protein B.	2001-05	11309099
The sites for fatty acylation, phosphorylation and intermolecular disulphide bond formation of influenza C virus CM2 protein.	2001-05	11297683
A high-sucrose diet increases gluconeogenic capacity in isolated periportal and perivenous rat hepatocytes.	2001-05	11287351
n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially modulate oncogenic Ras activation in colonocytes.	2001-05	11287318
Plasma membrane localization of palmitoylated tubulin.	2001-04-27	11322765
Induction of apoptosis through B-cell receptor cross-linking occurs via de novo generated C16-ceramide and involves mitochondria.	2001-04-27	11278517
Kinetics of the lipase-catalyzed synthesis of glucose esters in acetone.	2001-04-20	11255158
Thioacylation is required for targeting G-protein subunit G(o1alpha) to detergent-insoluble caveolin-containing membrane domains.	2001-04-15	11284718
Pulmonary surfactant protein SP-B is significantly more immunoreactive in anionic than in zwitterionic bilayers.	2001-04-13	11311247
Regulation of surfactant-like particle secretion by Caco-2 cells.	2001-04-02	11286980
Tolerance induction by acylated peptides: suppression of EAE in the mouse with palmitoylated PLP peptides.	2001-04-02	11282157
Fatty acid and triglyceride composition of milk fat from lactating Holstein cows in response to supplemental canola oil.	2001-04	11352169
Effect of gamma-butyrobetaine on fatty liver in juvenile visceral steatosis mice.	2001-04	11341370
Identification of fatty acid molecules in a Fasciola hepatica immunoprophylactic fatty acid-binding protein.	2001-04	11318577
Effects of authentic and VLDL hydrolysis-derived fatty acids on vascular smooth muscle cell growth.	2001-04	11309244
Carotenoid esters in vegetables and fruits: a screening with emphasis on beta-cryptoxanthin esters.	2001-04	11308368
Uncoupling protein 2: a possible link between fatty acid excess and impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion?	2001-04	11289045
Continuous fatty acid oxidation and reduced fat storage in mice lacking acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2.	2001-03-30	11283375
Regulation of G proteins by covalent modification.	2001-03-26	11313912
Expression of rat liver long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase and characterization of its role in the metabolism of R-ibuprofen and other fatty acid-like xenobiotics.	2001-03-15	11266649
Anaerobic biodegradation of alkanes by enriched consortia under four different reducing conditions.	2001-03	11349845
Optimization of methods and treatment conditions for studying effects of fatty acids on cell growth.	2001-03	11337987
Effects of diets enriched in n-6 or n-3 fatty acids on cholesterol metabolism in older rats chronically fed a cholesterol-enriched diet.	2001-03	11337981
Brain and hippocampus fatty acid composition in phospholipid classes of aged-relative cognitive deficit rats.	2001-03	11334555
Gas chromatographic analysis of total fatty acids in cider.	2001-03	11312846
Modelling of hexadecane degradation in continuous-flow cultures.	2001-03	11311466
Effects of antiinflammatory triterpenes isolated from Leptadenia hastata latex on keratinocyte proliferation.	2001-03	11268112
Participation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase in the synthesis of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine in rat alveolar type II cells.	2001-02	11330841
A stearic acid-rich diet improves thrombogenic and atherogenic risk factor profiles in healthy males.	2001-02	11305631
Fatty acid-induced apoptosis in neonatal cardiomyocytes: redox signaling.	2001-02	11291600
Lipotoxicity of the pancreatic beta-cell is associated with glucose-dependent esterification of fatty acids into neutral lipids.	2001-02	11272142
Myocardial fatty acid oxidation in patients with impaired glucose tolerance.	2001-02	11270674
Effect of fatty acids on phase behavior of hydrated dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine bilayer: saturated versus unsaturated fatty acids.	2001-02	11269932
L-carnitine reduces malondialdehyde concentrations in isolated rat hearts in dependence on perfusion conditions.	2001-01	11269669

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Unknown

Route of Administration: Unknown

In Vitro Use Guide

The conditioned media from palmitic acid (0.2 mM) treated rat cortical astroglia, but not the cerebellar astroglia, significantly elevated levels of phosphorylated tau and BACE1 in cortical neurons as compared to controls

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:47:54 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:47:54 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	JQ43KP6296
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

C-LUBE 16

Preferred Name

English

SODIUM PALMITATE

Official Name

English

INS NO.470(I)PALMITIC ACID, SODIUM SALT

Common Name

English

INS-470(I)PALMITIC ACID, SODIUM SALT

Common Name

English

E-470(I)PALMITIC ACID, SODIUM SALT

Common Name

English

SODIUM PALMITATE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

HEXADECANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT (1:1)

Common Name

English

HEXADECANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT

Common Name

English

SODIUM HEXADECANOATE

Systematic Name

English

PALMITIC ACID, SODIUM SALT

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA)

INS-470(I)