Formic Acid

US Previously Marketed

First marketed in 1921

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	CH2O2
Molecular Weight	46.0254
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

OC=O

InChI

InChIKey=BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/CH2O2/c2-1-3/h1H,(H,2,3)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	CH2O2
Molecular Weight	46.0254
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: http://acidpedia.org/formic_acid/ | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11589750 | http://www.animal-nutrition.basf.com/web/global/animal-nutrition/en/Products/OrganicAcids/index

Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid. In nature, formic acid is found in the stings and bites of many insects of the order Hymenoptera, including bees and ants. The principal use of formic acid is as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. When sprayed on fresh hay or other silage, it arrests certain decay processes and causes the feed to retain its nutritive value longer. In medicine 85% formic acid application is a safe, economical, and effective alternative in the treatment of common warts with few side-effects and good compliance.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Cooperia oncophora 3 Target ID: CHEMBL613777 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4798421	Inhibitor 8504

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Warts 10 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11589750 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23033790	Curative		Approved 8583	EndWarts PEN Approved Use EndWarts PEN is a unique and effective wart treatment

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Controlled proteolysis of amelogenins reveals exposure of both carboxy- and amino-terminal regions.	2001-06	11285557
Crystal structure of activated CheY. Comparison with other activated receiver domains.	2001-05-11	11279165
Mouse MCT3 gene is expressed preferentially in retinal pigment and choroid plexus epithelia.	2001-05	11287345
Diet-induced ketosis increases monocarboxylate transporter (MCT1) levels in rat brain.	2001-05	11248400
Targeting of calsequestrin to the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle upon deletion of its glycosylation site.	2001-04-15	11281648
Functional proteins from a random-sequence library.	2001-04-05	11287961
Long-lived glycosyl-enzyme intermediate mimic produced by formate re-activation of a mutant endoglucanase lacking its catalytic nucleophile.	2001-04-01	11256951
Folding units in calcium vector protein of amphioxus: Structural and functional properties of its amino- and carboxy-terminal halves.	2001-04	11274468
Co-oximetry interference by hemoglobin-based blood substitutes.	2001-04	11273915
Ryanodine receptors/calcium release channels in heart failure and sudden cardiac death.	2001-04	11273716
Growth kinetics, diffraction properties and effect of agarose on the stability of a novel crystal form of Thermus thermophilus aspartyl-tRNA synthetase-1.	2001-04	11264584
Bicarbonate/lactate-based peritoneal dialysis solution increases cancer antigen 125 and decreases hyaluronic acid levels.	2001-04	11260417
Influence of particle size in the effect of polyethylene on human osteoblastic cells.	2001-04	11246943
SuperStar: improved knowledge-based interaction fields for protein binding sites.	2001-03-30	11273705
Expression of monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 in normal and neoplastic human CNS tissues.	2001-03-26	11277580
Blockade of lactate transport exacerbates delayed neuronal damage in a rat model of cerebral ischemia.	2001-03-23	11259789
Papillomavirus capsid protein expression in Escherichia coli: purification and assembly of HPV11 and HPV16 L1.	2001-03-16	11243812
The hydH/G Genes from Escherichia coli code for a zinc and lead responsive two-component regulatory system.	2001-03-16	11243806
Extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity facilitates lactic acid transport in rat skeletal muscle fibres.	2001-03-15	11251055
NAD/NADH models with axial/central chiralities: superiority of the quinoline ring system.	2001-03-09	11262101
Topology of the Na(+)/dicarboxylate cotransporter: the N-terminus and hydrophilic loop 4 are located intracellularly.	2001-03-09	11248207
Unusually short distances between the carbonyl oxygen and the tin atom in RCOSMR'3 (M = Ge, Sn, Pb): the importance of intramolecular n(O) --> sigma*(MS) orbital interactions.	2001-03-08	11259029
Quantitation of itraconazole in rat heparinized plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.	2001-03-05	11254202
Conserved amino acids near the carboxy terminus of bacterial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase are involved in tRNA and Tyr-AMP binding.	2001-03-02	11240138
Methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 creates a binding site for HP1 proteins.	2001-03-01	11242053
SCO-spondin, a glycoprotein of the subcommissural organ/Reissner's fiber complex: evidence of a potent activity on neuronal development in primary cell cultures.	2001-03-01	11241859
Serum crosslaps correlations with serum ICTP and urine DPD in hemodialyzed and peritoneally dialyzed patients.	2001-03	11287766
A novel type II cytokeratin, mK6irs, is expressed in the Huxley and Henle layers of the mouse inner root sheath.	2001-03	11231308
Ultrasonic irradiation of dichlorvos: decomposition mechanism.	2001-03	11228963
Molecular comparison of the dense granule proteins GRA6 and GRA7 of Neospora hughesi and Neospora caninum.	2001-03	11226451
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of RNase HIII from Bacillus subtilis.	2001-03	11223525
Purification and crystallization of the human RXRalpha ligand-binding domain-9-cisRA complex.	2001-03	11223524
Structure of the M148Q mutant of rusticyanin at 1.5 A: a model for the copper site of stellacyanin.	2001-03	11223511
Three-dimensional structure of human follicle-stimulating hormone.	2001-03	11222739
Differential recovery of retinal function after mitochondrial inhibition by methanol intoxication.	2001-03	11222547
Synthesis, crystal structure, spectral studies, and catechol oxidase activity of trigonal bipyramidal Cu(II) complexes derived from a tetradentate diamide bisbenzimidazole ligand.	2001-02-26	11258993
Laboratory study on the high-temperature capture of HCl gas by dry-injection of calcium-based sorbents.	2001-02-24	11219704
Formate species in the low-temperature oxidation of dimethyl ether.	2001-02-24	11219683
Exchange coupling in carboxylato-bridged dinuclear copper(II) compounds: a density functional study.	2001-02-02	11261660
A comparison of salts for the crystallization of macromolecules.	2001-02	11266627
Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry for separation of venlafaxine and its phase I metabolites.	2001-02	11258760
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(3'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) bicyclo[1.1.1]pent-1-yl)glycine (S-TBPG), a novel mGlu1 receptor antagonist.	2001-02	11249114
Conformational preferences of heterochiral peptides. Crystal structures of heterochiral peptides Boc-(D) Val-(D) Ala-Leu-Ala-OMe and Boc-Val-Ala-Leu-(D) Ala-OMe--enhanced stability of beta-sheet through C-H...O hydrogen bonds.	2001-02	11245253
Papain does not cleave operator-bound lambda repressor: structural characterization of the carboxy terminal domain and the hinge.	2001-02	11245251
[Radiolytic oxidation of tamoxifen with the free radicals OH- and/or HO2-].	2001-02	11235674
Alternative splicing and sequence diversity of transcripts from the oncosphere stage of Taenia solium with homology to the 45W antigen of Taenia ovis.	2001-02	11223124
The Streptomyces venezuelae pikAV gene contains a transcription unit essential for expression of enzymes involved in glycosylation of narbonolide and 10-deoxymethynolide.	2001-01-24	11223265
Solution structure and backbone dynamics of the DNA-binding domain of mouse Sox-5.	2001-01	11266597
The inositol 5-phosphatase SHIP is expressed as 145 and 135 kDa proteins in blood and bone marrow cells in vivo, whereas carboxyl-truncated forms of SHIP are generated by proteolytic cleavage in vitro.	2001-01	11243378
Biodegradation of ethyl t-butyl ether (ETBE), methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) and t-amyl methyl ether (TAME) by Gordonia terrae.	2001-01	11234952

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Fifty patients received 85% formic acid application using a topical application/needle puncture technique every other day.

Route of Administration: Topical

In Vitro Use Guide

The adapted Aureobasidium pullulans strain could grow under the stress of 0.5 g/L furfural, 3 g/L HMF, 2g/L acetic acid, and 0.5 g/L formic acid, whereas the wild type did not.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:46:31 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:46:31 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	0YIW783RG1
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

FORMICUM ACIDUM

Preferred Name

English

Formic Acid

Official Name

English

VARROMED COMPONENT FORMIC ACID

Brand Name

English

FORMIC ACID [MART.]

Common Name

English

FORMATE

Common Name

English

FORMIC ACID [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

FORMICUM ACIDUM [HPUS]

Common Name

English

FORMIC ACID [FHFI]

Common Name

English

FORMIC ACID [MI]

Common Name

English

FEMA NO. 2487

Code

English

METHANOIC ACID

Systematic Name

English

FORMIC ACID [FCC]

Common Name

English

Formic acid [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

FORMIC ACID [EMA EPAR VETERINARY]

Common Name

English

FORMIC ACID [VANDF]

Common Name

English

FORMIC ACID [HSDB]

Common Name

English

FORMIC ACID [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

JECFA EVALUATION

FORMIC ACID