Details
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C31H33N3O6S |
| Molecular Weight | 575.675 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
COC1=CC(=CC=C1CC2=CN(C)C3=C2C=C(NC(=O)OC4CCCC4)C=C3)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C5=CC=CC=C5C
InChI
InChIKey=YEEZWCHGZNKEEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C31H33N3O6S/c1-20-8-4-7-11-29(20)41(37,38)33-30(35)22-13-12-21(28(17-22)39-3)16-23-19-34(2)27-15-14-24(18-26(23)27)32-31(36)40-25-9-5-6-10-25/h4,7-8,11-15,17-19,25H,5-6,9-10,16H2,1-3H3,(H,32,36)(H,33,35)
| Molecular Formula | C31H33N3O6S |
| Molecular Weight | 575.675 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionCurator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/020547s027lbl.pdf
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/020547s027lbl.pdf
Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) for the maintenance treatment of asthma, often used in conjunction with an inhaled steroid and/or long-acting bronchodilator. It is available as a tablet and is usually dosed twice daily. Zafirlukast is indicated for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma. Patients with asthma were found in one study to be 25-100 times more sensitive to the bronchoconstricting activity of inhaled LTD4 than nonasthmatic subjects. In vitro studies demonstrated that zafirlukast antagonized the contractile activity of three leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4) in conducting airway smooth muscle from laboratory animals and humans. Zafirlukast prevented intradermal LTD4-induced increases in cutaneous vascular permeability and inhibited inhaled LTD4-induced influx of eosinophils into animal lungs. Zafirlukast is a selective and competitive receptor antagonist of leukotriene D4 and E4 (LTD4 and LTE4), components of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRSA). Cysteinyl leukotriene production and receptor occupation have been correlated with the pathophysiology of asthma, including airway edema, smooth muscle constriction, and altered cellular activity associated with the inflammatory process, which contribute to the signs and symptoms of asthma. Zafirlukast is marketed by Astra Zeneca with the brand names Accolate, Accoleit, and Vanticon. It was the first LTRA to be marketed in the USA and is now approved in over 60 countries, including the UK, Japan, Taiwan, Italy, Spain, Canada, Brazil, China and Turkey.
CNS Activity
Sources: https://www.drugs.com/pro/zafirlukast.html
Curator's Comment: Studies in rats using radiolabeled Zafirlukast indicate minimal distribution across the blood-brain barrier.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1 nM [IC50] |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | ACCOLATE Approved UseACCOLATE is indicated for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in adults and children 5 years of age and older. Launch Date1996 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
352.7 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11888331 |
20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ZAFIRLUKAST plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1090.41 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11888331 |
20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ZAFIRLUKAST plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2.3 h EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11888331 |
20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ZAFIRLUKAST plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
Other AEs: Pharyngitis, Headache... Other AEs: Pharyngitis (24.7%) Sources: Headache (13.8%) Myalgia (3.7%) Sinusitis (3.5%) Flu syndrome (3.3%) Cough increased (3.1%) Rash (3.1%) Rhinitis (3.1%) Accidental injury (3.1%) Nausea (3.1%) Back pain (2.9%) Hypertonia (2.9%) Diarrhea (2.7%) Exacerbation of asthma (2.7%) |
20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 37 |
Other AEs: Headache, Gastritis... Other AEs: Headache (7%) Sources: Gastritis (1%) Pharyngitis (20%) Rhinitis (7%) |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Headache | 13.8% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Diarrhea | 2.7% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Exacerbation of asthma | 2.7% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Back pain | 2.9% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Hypertonia | 2.9% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Pharyngitis | 24.7% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Accidental injury | 3.1% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Cough increased | 3.1% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Nausea | 3.1% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Rash | 3.1% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Rhinitis | 3.1% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Flu syndrome | 3.3% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Sinusitis | 3.5% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Myalgia | 3.7% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 12-76 |
| Gastritis | 1% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 37 |
| Pharyngitis | 20% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 37 |
| Headache | 7% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 37 |
| Rhinitis | 7% | 20 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 37 |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Participation of chemical mediators other than histamine in nasal allergy signs: a study using mice lacking histamine H(1) receptors. | 2002-08-09 |
|
| Chemoprevention by lipoxygenase and leukotriene pathway inhibitors of vinyl carbamate-induced lung tumors in mice. | 2002-08-01 |
|
| Vasculitis induced by zafirlukast therapy. | 2002-08 |
|
| [Aspirin induced asthma, urinary leukotriene E4 and zafirlukast]. | 2002-07-03 |
|
| Effects of adding either a leukotriene receptor antagonist or low-dose theophylline to a low or medium dose of inhaled corticosteroid in patients with persistent asthma. | 2002-07 |
|
| Efficacy and safety of low-dose fluticasone propionate compared with zafirlukast in patients with persistent asthma. | 2002-07 |
|
| Churg-Strauss syndrome in a case of asthma. | 2002-07 |
|
| Novel phthalimide derivatives, designed as leukotriene D(4) receptor antagonists. | 2002-06-03 |
|
| 5-Lipoxygenase polymorphism and in-vivo response to leukotriene receptor antagonists. | 2002-06 |
|
| Antitussive effect of the leukotriene receptor antagonist zafirlukast in subjects with cough-variant asthma. | 2002-06 |
|
| Pulmonary function changes and immunomodulation of cytokine expression by zafirlukast after sensitization and allergen challenge in brown Norway rats. | 2002-06 |
|
| [New horizons in the treatment of atopic dermatitis]. | 2002-05-04 |
|
| Comparison of second controller medications in addition to inhaled corticosteroid in patients with moderate asthma. | 2002-05 |
|
| Influence of zafirlukast and loratadine on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. | 2002-05 |
|
| Exercise-induced asthma: is there still a case for histamine? | 2002-05 |
|
| Pharmacological differences among CysLT(1) receptor antagonists with respect to LTC(4) and LTD(4) in human lung parenchyma. | 2002-04-15 |
|
| [Reflections on antileukotrienes]. | 2002-04-15 |
|
| Pharmacogenetics of asthma. | 2002-04-01 |
|
| Loss of response to treatment with leukotriene receptor antagonists but not inhaled corticosteroids in patients over 50 years of age. | 2002-04 |
|
| Where do leukotriene modifiers fit in asthma management? | 2002-04 |
|
| [Zafirlukast (Accolate): a review of its pharmacological and clinical profile]. | 2002-04 |
|
| An open study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of zafirlukast ("Accolate") in patients with mild to moderate asthma in Ibadan, Nigeria. | 2002-03-12 |
|
| [Zafirlukast in treatment of nasal polyps in patients with aspirin intolerant bronchial asthma--preliminary report]. | 2002-03 |
|
| Leukotriene modifiers: novel therapeutic opportunities in asthma. | 2002-03 |
|
| Prevalence of serious eosinophilia and incidence of Churg-Strauss syndrome in a cohort of asthma patients. | 2002-03 |
|
| Treatment of canine atopic dermatitis with zafirlukast, a leukotriene-receptor antagonist: a single-blinded, placebo-controlled study. | 2002-03 |
|
| Inhaled fluticasone and zafirlukast in persistent asthma. | 2002-03 |
|
| [Churg-Strauss syndrome after treatment with Singulair (montelukast)]. | 2002-02-20 |
|
| Receptor preferences of cysteinyl-leukotrienes in the guinea pig lung parenchyma. | 2002-02-01 |
|
| Economic impact of asthma therapy with fluticasone propionate, montelukast, or zafirlukast in a managed care population. | 2002-02 |
|
| Pharmacoeconomic studies of asthma controller drugs: marketing gimmick or icing on the cake? | 2002-02 |
|
| [Study on relationship between leukotrienes and exercise-induced asthma]. | 2002-01-10 |
|
| Leukotriene receptor antagonists in the treatment of asthma: an update. | 2002 |
|
| Pharmacokinetic profile of zafirlukast. | 2002 |
|
| Severe liver injury associated with zafirlukast. | 2001-11-20 |
|
| Molecular cloning and functional characterization of murine cysteinyl-leukotriene 1 (CysLT(1)) receptors. | 2001-11-01 |
|
| Chronic asthma. | 2001-10-27 |
|
| Severe liver injury. | 2001-10-02 |
|
| The effect of low-dose inhaled fluticasone propionate on exhaled nitric oxide in asthmatic patients and comparison with oral zafirlukast. | 2001-10 |
|
| Asthma treatment with inhaled corticosteroids versus antileukotrienes: what exhaled nitric oxide studies do and do not tell us. | 2001-10 |
|
| Acute hepatocellular injury associated with zafirlukast. | 2001-10 |
|
| Zafirlukast-related hepatitis: report of a further case. | 2001-10 |
|
| [Leukotriene modifiers]. | 2001-10 |
|
| Leukotriene receptor antagonists in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. | 2001-10 |
|
| Effects of zafirlukast upon clinical, physiologic, and inflammatory responses to natural cat allergen exposure. | 2001-09 |
|
| [The relationship between eosinophils, activated T lymphocyte, leukotreine and the exercise-induced asthma]. | 2001-06 |
|
| Comparison of the bronchodilating effect of salmeterol and zafirlukast in combination with that of their use as single treatments in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | 2001 |
|
| Addition of anti-leukotriene agents to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma. | 2001 |
|
| Pharmacology of airway afferent nerve activity. | 2001 |
|
| Cost-efficacy analysis of fluticasone propionate versus zafirlukast in patients with persistent asthma. | 2001 |
Sample Use Guides
Should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Adults and Children 12 years of age and older
The recommended dose of ACCOLATE in adults and children 12 years and older is 20 mg twice daily. Pediatric Patients 5 through 11 years of age
The recommended dose of ACCOLATE in children 5 through 11 years of age is 10 mg twice daily.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9647482
Zafirlukast significantly inhibited 10 uM LTD4-evoked 35SO4 output in a concentration-dependent fashion, with maximal inhibition of 78% at 10 uM zafirlukast, and IC50 value of 0.6 uM.
| Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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on
Edited
Wed Apr 02 09:29:27 GMT 2025
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| Record UNII |
XZ629S5L50
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Validated (UNII)
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NDF-RT |
N0000175777
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N0000000083
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29712
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LIVERTOX |
NBK547915
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R03DC01
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QR03DC01
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GG-93
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m11576
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CHEMBL603
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Zafirlukast
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ZAFIRLUKAST
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N0000185504
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PRIMARY | Cytochrome P450 2C9 Inhibitors [MoA] |
| Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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BINDER->LIGAND |
BINDING
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TARGET -> INHIBITOR |
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METABOLIC ENZYME -> SUBSTRATE |
MAJOR
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METABOLIC ENZYME -> INHIBITOR |
in vitro studies utilizing human liver microsomes show that zafirlukast inhibits the cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 isoenzymes at concentrations close to the clinically achieved total plasma concentrations.
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METABOLIC ENZYME -> INHIBITOR |
in vitro studies utilizing human liver microsomes show that zafirlukast inhibits the cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 isoenzymes at concentrations close to the clinically achieved total plasma concentrations
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IMPURITY -> PARENT |
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ACTIVE MOIETY |
| Name | Property Type | Amount | Referenced Substance | Defining | Parameters | References |
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| Route of Elimination | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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| Volume of Distribution | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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| Cmax | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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Populations PHARMACOKINETIC |
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| Route of Elimination | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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| Volume of Distribution | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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| Biological Half-life | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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| Cmax | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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Populations PHARMACOKINETIC |
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| Tmax | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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| Onset of Action | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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