CITALOPRAM

Details

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Molecular Formula	C20H21FN2O
Molecular Weight	324.3919
Optical Activity	( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CN(C)CCCC1(OCC2=CC(=CC=C12)C#N)C3=CC=C(F)C=C3

InChI

InChIKey=WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C20H21FN2O/c1-23(2)11-3-10-20(17-5-7-18(21)8-6-17)19-9-4-15(13-22)12-16(19)14-24-20/h4-9,12H,3,10-11,14H2,1-2H3

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C20H21FN2O
Molecular Weight	324.3919
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	( + / - )

Description
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/020822s047lbl.pdfhttp://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/020822s047lbl.pdf

Citalopram (brand names: Celexa, Cipramil, and others) is an antidepressant drug of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It has U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval to treat major depression,[2]which it received in 1998, and is prescribed off-label for other conditions. In Australia, the UK, Germany, Portugal, Poland, and most European countries, it is licensed for depressive episodes and panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. In Spain, it is also used for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Citalopram HBr is a racemic bicyclic phthalane derivative designated (±)-1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5carbonitrile, HBr. The mechanism of action of citalopram HBr as an antidepressant is presumed to be linked to potentiation of serotonergic activity in the central nervous system (CNS) resulting from its inhibition of CNS neuronal reuptake of serotonin (5-HT). In vitro and in vivo studies in animals suggest that citalopram is a highly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) with minimal effects on norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) neuronal reuptake. The single-and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of citalopram are linear and dose-proportional in a dose range of 10-60 mg/day. Biotransformation of citalopram is mainly hepatic, with a mean terminal half-life of about 35 hours.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Serotonin transporter 183 Target ID: CHEMBL228 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19616061	Inhibitor 8504
Serotonin transporter 183 Target ID: CHEMBL228 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23265880	Inhibitor 8504		0.78 nM [Ki]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Depression 240 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/020822s047lbl.pdf	Primary		Approved 8583	CELEXA Approved Use Citalopram HBr is indicated for the treatment of depression. The efficacy of citalopram HBr in the treatment of depression was established in 4 to 6 week, controlled trials of outpatients whose diagnosis corresponded most closely to the DSM-III and DSM-III-R category of major depressive disorder (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY ). A major depressive episode (DSM-IV) implies a prominent and relatively persistent (nearly every day for at least 2 weeks) depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning, and includes at least five of the following nine symptoms: depressed mood, loss of interest in usual activities, significant change in weight and/or appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, increased fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, a suicide attempt or suicidal ideation. The antidepressant action of citalopram HBr in hospitalized depressed patients has not been adequately studied. The efficacy of citalopram HBr in maintaining an antidepressant response for up to 24 weeks following 6 to 8 weeks of acute treatment was demonstrated in two placebo-controlled trials (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY ). Nevertheless, the physician who elects to use citalopram HBr for extended periods should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient. Launch Date 1998
Depression 240 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/020822s047lbl.pdf	Primary		Approved 8583	Celexa Approved Use INDICATIONS AND USAGE. Celexa (citalopram HBr) is indicated for the treatment of depression. Launch Date 1998

C_max

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
10.6 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
21.7 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
43.7 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
65.6 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	60 mg single, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
3.2 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
6.1 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
8.5 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	60 mg single, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

AUC

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
533.2 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
1010.4 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
2070.3 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
2946.5 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	60 mg single, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
204.5 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
843.7 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
1153.2 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	60 mg single, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
36.3 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
38.5 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
40 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
39.5 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	60 mg single, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
79.3 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
77.5 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	60 mg single, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

F_unbound

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
18% OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
18% OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
18% OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
18% OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	60 mg single, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
26% OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	20 mg single, oral dose: 20 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
26% OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
26% OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/98/020822a_clinpharmr.pdf	60 mg single, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DESMETHYLCITALOPRAM plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
800 mg single, oral Overdose Dose: 800 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 800 mg Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30185094	unknown, 14 years Health Status: unknown Age Group: 14 years Sex: F Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30185094	Other AEs: Dizziness, Drowsiness... Other AEs: Dizziness (mild, 1 patient) Drowsiness (mild, 1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30185094
80 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Studied dose Dose: 80 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 80 mg, 1 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/1998/20822lbl.pdf	unhealthy, 18-66 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 18-66 years Sex: M+F Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/1998/20822lbl.pdf	Disc. AE: Asthenia, Nausea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Asthenia (1%) Nausea (4%) Dry mouth (1%) Vomiting (1%) Dizziness (2%) Insomnia (3%) Somnolence (2%) Agitation (1%) Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/1998/20822lbl.pdf
760 mg single, oral Overdose Dose: 760 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 760 mg Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31257122	unknown, 25 years Health Status: unknown Age Group: 25 years Sex: F Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31257122	Other AEs: Seizures, Tachycardia... Other AEs: Seizures (1 patient) Tachycardia (1 patient) Neuromuscular disorders NEC (1 patient) Hyperthermia (severe, 1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31257122
360 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 360 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 360 mg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14508384	unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sex: M+F Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14508384	Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14508384
2800 mg single, oral Overdose Dose: 2800 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 2800 mg Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/1998/20822lbl.pdf	unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/1998/20822lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Dizziness, Sweating... Other AEs: Dizziness (grade 5) Sweating Nausea Vomiting Tremor Somnolence Sinus tachycardia Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/1998/20822lbl.pdf

AEs

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
Acadechem	ACDX-013680	http://acadechemical.com/product/88372
Achemtek	0104-010089	http://www.achemtek.com/59729-33-8
AK Scientific, Inc. (AKSCI)	70880	http://www.aksci.com/item_detail.php?cat=70880
Alichem	19098263	http://www.alichem.com/en/products/59729-33-8.html
Ambeed	A356540	https://www.ambeed.com/products/59729-33-8.html
Angel Pharmatech	AG-19750	http://www.angelpharmatech.com/128196-01-0.html
Angel Pharmatech	AG201164	http://www.angelpharmatech.com/59729-33-8.html
Angene	AGN-PC-0STC9P	http://www.angenechemical.com/productshow/AGN-PC-0STC9P.html
Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC	A18.031.192	http://online.aurorafinechemicals.com/info?ID=A18.031.192
AvaChem Scientific	2798B	http://www.avachem.com/productSearch.asp?2798B
BLD Pharm	BD41835	http://www.bldpharm.com/products/59729-33-8.html
BOC Sciences	1190003-26-9	https://isotope.bocsci.com/product/citalopram-d6-cas-1190003-26-9-347242.html
BOC Sciences	1219908-84-5	https://isotope.bocsci.com/product/citalopram-d4-cas-1219908-84-5-347240.html
Boerchem	BC204213	http://www.boerchem.com/?product_34345.html
ChemMol	30102010	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/30102010.html
ChemMol	44001747	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/44001747.html
ChemMol	49400552	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/49400552.html
ChemMol	99111619	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/99111619.html
Chemspace	CSSB00020592299	https://chem-space.com/CSSB00020592299
Clearsynth	CS-O-01174	https://www.clearsynth.com/en/CSO01174.html
Clearsynth	CS-O-01439	https://www.clearsynth.com/en/CSO01439.html
Finetech	FT-0657967	http://www.finetechnology-ind.com/prod/detail/pub/59729-33-8.html
Finetech	FT-0660873	http://www.finetechnology-ind.com/prod/detail/pub/128196-01-0.html
Glentham Life Sciences	GP4384	http://www.glentham.com/products/product/GP4384/
Hairui	HR126910	http://www.hairuichem.com/en/product/59729-33-8.html
iChemical	EBD2199809	http://www.ichemical.com/products/59729-33-8.html?utm_source=PubChem&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=product%20catalogs
Lab Network	LN02195919	https://labnetwork.com/frontend-app/p/#!/moleculedetails/LN02195919
mcule	MCULE-5882770916	https://mcule.com/MCULE-5882770916/
OChem	1955	http://www.ocheminc.com/index.php?act=psearch&pid=729C338
Parchem	28552	http://www.parchem.com/chemical-supplier-distributor/Citalopram-018552.aspx
Smolecule	S523859	http://www.smolecule.com/products/s523859
THE BioTek	bt-265211	https://www.thebiotek.com/product/inhibitors/bt-265211
Vesino Industrial Co Ltd	VA10838	http://www.vsnchem.com/goto/product/23260/
Yuhao Chemical	CJ3192	http://www.chemyuhao.com/59729-33-8.html
Yuhao Chemical	LT1152	http://www.chemyuhao.com/59729-33-8????.html

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Binding characteristics of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with relation to emission tomography studies.	2001-09-01	11391781
Distribution of serotonin, its metabolites and 5-HT transporters in the neostriatum of Lurcher and weaver mutant mice.	2001-09	11434974
Relationship between central serotonergic neurotransmission and reduction in alcohol intake by citalopram.	2001-08-01	11418230
S33005, a novel ligand at both serotonin and norepinephrine transporters: II. Behavioral profile in comparison with venlafaxine, reboxetine, citalopram, and clomipramine.	2001-08	11454919
S33005, a novel ligand at both serotonin and norepinephrine transporters: I. Receptor binding, electrophysiological, and neurochemical profile in comparison with venlafaxine, reboxetine, citalopram, and clomipramine.	2001-08	11454918
Escitalopram (S-citalopram) and its metabolites in vitro: cytochromes mediating biotransformation, inhibitory effects, and comparison to R-citalopram.	2001-08	11454728
Down-regulation of the rat serotonin transporter upon exposure to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.	2001-07-20	11447330
Rapid response to low dose citalopram in pathological crying.	2001-07-13	11447987
Citalopram in refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open study.	2001-07	11459335
Behavioral and neurochemical effects of anpirtoline and citalopram in isolated and group housed mice.	2001-07	11444681
Citalopram for OCD and Tourette's syndrome.	2001-07	11437010
Trichotillomania associated with dementia: a case report.	2001-06-28	11427250
QTc interval prolongation associated with citalopram overdose: a case report and literature review.	2001-06-08	11391127
Involvement of adenosine in the effect of antidepressants on glutamate and aspartate release in the rat prefrontal cortex.	2001-06	11414661
Citalopram versus nortriptyline in late-life depression: a 12-week randomized single-blind study.	2001-06	11401657
The 35% CO2 hyperreactivity and clinical symptomatology in patients with panic disorder after 1 week of treatment with citalopram: an open study.	2001-06	11386488
Chronic effects of triiodothyronine in combination with imipramine on 5-HT transporter, 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(2A) receptors in adult rat brain.	2001-06	11331145
Does interaction between zinc and glutamate system play a significant role in the mechanism of antidepressant action?	2001-05-24	11370292
Rapid determination of citalopram in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography.	2001-05-05	11393715
A comparison of citalopram and paroxetine in the treatment of panic disorder: a randomized, single-blind study.	2001-05	11434404
Risk profile of SSrIs in elderly depressive patients with co-morbid physical illness.	2001-05	11434403
Low-dose citalopram as a 5-HT neuroendocrine probe.	2001-05	11432696
Does mirtazapine have a more rapid onset than SSRIs?	2001-05	11411818
Escitalopram (S-enantiomer of citalopram): clinical efficacy and onset of action predicted from a rat model.	2001-05	11393591
Alzheimer's disease and related disorders.	2001-05	11349485
On-line extraction using an alkyl-diol silica precolumn for racemic citalopram and its metabolites in plasma. Results compared with solid-phase extraction methodology.	2001-04-05	11334352
Involvement of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors for citalopram-induced hypothermia in the rat.	2001-04	11349398
The effects of amitriptyline, citalopram and reboxetine on autonomic nervous system. A randomised placebo-controlled study on healthy volunteers.	2001-04	11349386
Citalopram: a comprehensive review.	2001-04	11336616
Are newer antidepressants really "better tolerated"?	2001-04	11320685
Involvement of 5-HT(2C) receptors in the anti-immobility effects of antidepressants in the forced swimming test in mice.	2001-04	11313160
In vivo steady-state pharmacokinetic outcome following clinical and toxic doses of racemic citalopram to rats.	2001-04	11309239
Prophylactic effect of citalopram in unipolar, recurrent depression: placebo-controlled study of maintenance therapy.	2001-04	11282808
Differential effects of fluvoxamine and other antidepressants on the biotransformation of melatonin.	2001-04	11270913
Effect on sexual function of long-term treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in depressed patients treated in primary care.	2001-04	11270911
[Behavioral and neurochemical study on the mechanism of the anxiolytic effect of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, a selective serotonin1A agonist and lithium carbonate].	2001-03	11344903
Neonatal withdrawal syndrome after in utero exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.	2001-03	11332169
Are there differences in the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants? A prescription database study.	2001-03	11317482
Citalopram in mentally retarded patients with depression: a long-term clinical investigation.	2001-03	11311174
A fatal case of serotonin syndrome after combined moclobemide-citalopram intoxication.	2001-03	11300508
Pharmacological treatment of childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder: from theory to practice.	2001-03	11294079
Lack of citalopram effect on oral digoxin pharmacokinetics.	2001-03	11269575
[Depression and anxiety in the elderly still underdiagnosed. SSRI preparations in conjunction with psychotherapy provide effective treatment].	2001-02-21	11265567
Some behavioural effects of antidepressant drugs are time-dependent.	2001-02	11294483
Mood and behavioural disorders following traumatic brain injury: clinical evaluation and pharmacological management.	2001-02	11260764
Too much hypothalamic serotonin transporter is bad for your mood.	2001-01	11427992
Following long-term training with citalopram, both mirtazapine and mianserin block its discriminative stimulus properties in rats.	2001-01	11271412
A retrospective study of citalopram in adolescents with depression.	2001	11436955
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for late-life depression: a comparative review.	2001	11392444
First experiences in combination therapy using olanzapine with SSRIs (citalopram, paroxetine) in delusional depression.	2001	11287796

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Initial Treatment Celexa (citalopram HBr) should be administered at an initial dose of 20 mg once daily, with an increase to a maximum dose of 40 mg/day at an interval of no less than one week. Doses above 40 mg/day are not recommended due to the risk of QT prolongation. Additionally, the only study pertinent to dose response for effectiveness did not demonstrate an advantage for the 60 mg/day dose over the 40 mg/day dose. Special Populations 20 mg/day is the maximum recommended dose for patients who are greater than 60 years of age, patients with hepatic impairment, and for CYP2C19 poor metabolizers or those patients taking cimetidine or another CYP2C19 inhibitor.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

It was investigated the mechanisms of cytotoxic effects of in vitro and in vivo citalopram treatment on liver and the following cytolethal events. For in vitro experiments, freshly isolated rat hepatocytes were exposed to citalopram along with/without various agents. In the in vitro experiments, citalopram (500 µM) exposure demonstrated cell death, a marked elevation in ROS formation, mitochondrial potential collapse, lysosomal membrane leakiness, glutathione (GSH) depletion and lipid peroxidation. In vivo biochemistry panel assays for liver enzymes function (AST, ALT and GGTP) and histological examination confirmed citalopram (20 mg/kg)-induced damage. Citalopram-induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers were significantly prevented by antioxidants, ROS scavengers, MPT pore sealing agents, endocytosis inhibitors, ATP generators and CYP inhibitors.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:29:36 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:29:36 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	0DHU5B8D6V
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

CITALOPRAM

Official Name

English

CITADUR

Preferred Name

English

CITALOPRAM [MI]

Common Name

English

Citalopram [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

CITALOPRAM [MART.]

Common Name

English

CITALOPRAM [VANDF]

Common Name

English

citalopram [INN]

Common Name

English

CITALOPRAM [USP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

1-(3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL)-1-(P-FLUOROPHENYL)-5-PHTHALANCARBONITRILE

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

LIVERTOX

212