Cangrelor is the active ingredient in KENGREAL which is administered at 30 micro-g/kg as an intravenous bolus prior to PCI and followed immediately by a 4 micro-g/kg/min IV infusion for at least 2 hours or duration of the procedure, whichever is longer.

Primary OPCs were isolated from mixed glial cultures from postnatal day 2 Sprague-Dawley rat cortex. Cells were suspended in NM15 Medium containing MEM, 15% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum, 6 mg/mL glucose, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 micro-g/mL streptomycin, 5 micro-g/mL insulin, and incubated at room Temperature in a RAN2-Ab-precoated plate. After 20 min, floating cells were transferred to a second RAN2-Ab-precoated plate and incubated for additional 20 min at RT. To verify whether OPCs can generate neurons under a standard protocol of oligodendrocyte differentiation, cells were plated in Neurobasal medium with 2 % B27 Supplement, 2 mM L-glutamine, 10 ng/ml human platelet-derived growth factor-BB, and 10 ng/ml human basic fibroblast growth factor to promote proliferation. After 2 days, OPCs were shifted to differentiating medium, and either grown under control conditions or exposed to the anticonvulsant agent valproic acid (VPA, 500 micro-M) for 24–72 h, fixed, and immunostained for GPR17 and the neuronal marker βIII-tubulin. The GPR17 antagonist Cangrelor (10 micro-M) was used in parallel to VPS (500 micro-M). The percentage of GPR17/βIII-tub double-positive cells over the total cell population increased in cultures treated with either Cangrelor or VPA. It was also observed that in Cangralor treated cells the percentage of NG2/GPR17 double-positive cells calculated on the total number of cells decreased, indicating that a subset of OPCs is shifting its fate from oligodendrocytes to neurons.