U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula C12H15N5O3
Molecular Weight 277.2792
Optical Activity UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters 3 / 3
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of ENTECAVIR ANHYDROUS

SMILES

NC1=NC2=C(N=CN2[C@H]3C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)C3=C)C(=O)N1

InChI

InChIKey=QDGZDCVAUDNJFG-FXQIFTODSA-N
InChI=1S/C12H15N5O3/c1-5-6(3-18)8(19)2-7(5)17-4-14-9-10(17)15-12(13)16-11(9)20/h4,6-8,18-19H,1-3H2,(H3,13,15,16,20)/t6-,7-,8-/m0/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C12H15N5O3
Molecular Weight 277.2792
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 3 / 3
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity UNSPECIFIED

Description
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several resourses, including http://www.drugs.com/monograph/entecavir.html and http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00442

BARACLUDE® is the tradename for entecavir, a guanosine nucleoside analogue with selective activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV). It inhibits all three steps in the viral replication process. By competing with the natural substrate deoxyguanosine triphosphate, entecavir functionally inhibits all three activities of the HBV polymerase (reverse transcriptase, rt): (1) base priming, (2) reverse transcription of the negative strand from the pregenomic messenger RNA, and (3) synthesis of the positive strand of HBV DNA. Upon activation by kinases, the drug can be incorporated into the DNA which has the ultimate effect of inhibiting the HBV polymerase activity. Entecavir is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in adults with evidence of active viral replication and either evidence of persistent elevations in serum aminotransferases (ALT or AST) or histologically active disease.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: Low concentrations of entecavir were found in the cerebrospinal fluid of mice, rats, dogs and monkeys indicating that entecavir can cross the blood brain barrier.

Originator

Curator's Comment: # Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Co.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Target ID: CHEMBL2311221
0.004 µM [EC50]
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Entecavir

Approved Use

BARACLUDE (entecavir) is indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in adults with evidence of active viral replication and either evidence of persistent elevations in serum aminotransferases (ALT or AST) or histologically active disease.

Launch Date

2005
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
4.23 ng/mL
0.5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 0.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
8.24 ng/mL
1 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 1 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
4.2 ng/mL
0.5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 0.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: UNKNOWN
8.1 ng/mL
1 mg single, oral
dose: 1 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
14.78 ng × h/mL
0.5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 0.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
26.38 ng × h/mL
1 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 1 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
27.9 ng × h/mL
1 mg single, oral
dose: 1 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
129.9 h
0.5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 0.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
148.89 h
1 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 1 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
138.5 h
0.5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 0.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: UNKNOWN
Funbound

Funbound

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
87%
0.5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 0.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ENTECAVIR plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: UNKNOWN
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
1 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 1 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 1 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Sex: unknown
Sources:
OverviewDrug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
inconclusive
no [IC50 >300 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: at clinically relevant concentrations entecavir inhibitied catalytic activities no greater than 9% with phenacetin
Page: 42, 154, 155
no [IC50 >300 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: at clinically relevant concentrations entecavir inhibitied catalytic activities no greater than 9% with S-mephentytoin
Page: 42, 154, 155
no [IC50 >300 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: at clinically relevant concentrations entecavir inhibitied catalytic activities no greater than 9% with S-mephentytoin
Page: 42, 154, 155
no [IC50 >300 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: at clinically relevant concentrations entecavir inhibitied catalytic activities no greater than 9% with diclofenac
Page: 42, 154, 155
no [IC50 >300 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: at clinically relevant concentrations entecavir inhibitied catalytic activities no greater than 9% with bufuralol
Page: 42, 154, 155
no [IC50 >300 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: at clinically relevant concentrations entecavir inhibitied catalytic activities no greater than 9% with p-nitrophenol
Page: 42, 154, 155
no [IC50 >300 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: at clinically relevant concentrations entecavir inhibitied catalytic activities no greater than 9% with testosterone
Page: 42, 154, 155
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
Drug as victimTox targets

Tox targets

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Cellular and virological mechanisms of HBV drug resistance.
2006-02
Optimizing management strategies in special patient populations.
2006
Looking to the future: new agents for chronic hepatitis B.
2006
Therapeutic options for chronic hepatitis B: considerations and controversies.
2006
Introduction to chronic hepatitis B infection.
2006
Emerging therapeutics for chronic hepatitis B.
2006
Treatment algorithm for chronic hepatitis B in HIV-infected patients.
2006
The current status of antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B.
2005-12
Hepatitis B virus infection: current status.
2005-12
Complications in treating chronic hepatitis B in patients with HIV.
2005-12
Adefovir-resistant hepatitis B can be associated with viral rebound and hepatic decompensation.
2005-12
Gateways to clinical trials.
2005-11
A review of entecavir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection.
2005-11
New treatment for chronic hepatitis B.
2005-10-29
A dose-ranging study of the efficacy and tolerability of entecavir in Lamivudine-refractory chronic hepatitis B patients.
2005-10
Clevudine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
2005-10
Natural history and treatment of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus coinfection.
2005-09-13
[New aspect in the treatment of chronic hepatis B].
2005-09-07
Managing hepatitis B coinfection in HIV-infected patients.
2005-08
New drugs: entecavir, ibandronate sodium, and pegaptanib sodium.
2005-07-05
FDA notifications. Entecavir is approved for chronic hepatitis B infection in adults.
2005-07
Chronic hepatitis B--treatment with nucleoside analogues.
2005-07
Entecavir.
2005-07
[A study of the dosage and efficacy of entecavir for treating hepatitis B virus].
2005-07
Treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
2005-07
Entecavir (Baraclude) for chronic hepatitis B.
2005-06-06
Clinical course of patients with chronic hepatitis B with viral breakthrough during long-term lamivudine treatment.
2005-06
Management of patients co-infected with hepatitis B virus and HIV.
2005-06
Susceptibility to antivirals of a human HBV strain with mutations conferring resistance to both lamivudine and adefovir.
2005-06
New drugs and dosage forms.
2005-05-01
Gateways to clinical trials.
2005-05
Gateways to clinical trials.
2005-04-19
US approves new HBV drug.
2005-04
[Treatment of chronic hepatitis B].
2005-03-31
Current and future treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
2005-03
Cross-resistance testing of next-generation nucleoside and nucleotide analogues against lamivudine-resistant HBV.
2005
Management of HBV/HIV-coinfected Patients.
2005
Clinical trial results of new therapies for HBV: implications for treatment guidelines.
2005
Current treatment of chronic hepatitis B: benefits and limitations.
2005
Drugs in development for hepatitis B.
2005
Management of hepatitis B patients with antiviral resistance.
2004-12
Entecavir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
2004-12
[Treatment of hepatitis B].
2004-11-07
Gateways to clinical trials.
2004-11
Emerging treatments in chronic hepatitis B.
2004-11
Gateways to clinical trials.
2004-09
[Entecavir therapy against hepatitis B].
2004-08
[Treatment and selection criteria for chronic hepatitis B].
2004-08
[Recent advances in the treatment of fulminant hepatitis B].
2004-08
[Advances in the treatment of acute hepatitis B].
2004-08
Patents

Patents

Sample Use Guides

Nucleoside-naive Individuals Oral 0.5 mg once daily. Lamivudine-refractory HBV or known lamivudine- or telbivudine-associated resistance mutations Oral 1 mg once daily
Route of Administration: Oral
Dendritic cells (DCs) derived from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients were treated with 0.05 ug/mL of Entecavir.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
Record UNII
NNU2O4609D
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
ANHYDROUS ENTECAVIR
Preferred Name English
ENTECAVIR ANHYDROUS
Common Name English
2-AMINO-9-((1S,3R,4S)-4-HYDROXY-3-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-2-METHYLENECYCLOPENTYL)-1,9-DIHYDRO-6H-PURIN-6-ONE
Systematic Name English
Entecavir [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
ENTECAVIR [MI]
Common Name English
6H-PURIN-6-ONE, 2-AMINO-1,9-DIHYDRO-9-((1S,3R,4S)-4-HYDROXY-3-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-2-METHYLENECYCLOPENTYL)-
Systematic Name English
ENTECAVIR [HSDB]
Common Name English
entecavir [INN]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NCI_THESAURUS C97452
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000175459
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000175459
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000175656
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
WHO-ATC J05AF10
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000009947
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000175459
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
NCI_THESAURUS
C76494
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
HSDB
7334
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
142217-69-4
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB25418
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
135398508
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
NNU2O4609D
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m4919
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
DRUG BANK
DB00442
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID4046446
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
RXCUI
1546027
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY RxNorm
EVMPD
SUB21468
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000089566
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
NNU2O4609D
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
INN
7904
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:07:03 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
SOLVATE->ANHYDROUS
TARGET ORGANISM->INHIBITOR
EC50
BINDER->LIGAND
BINDING
EXCRETED UNCHANGED
MAJOR
URINE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY
Name Property Type Amount Referenced Substance Defining Parameters References
Tmax PHARMACOKINETIC ORAL ADMINISTRATION

SINGLE DOSE